Azithromycin Suspension

Azithromycin Suspension
Usage
Azithromycin suspension is an oral liquid formulation used for the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible organisms. It is particularly useful for paediatric patients or individuals who have difficulty swallowing tablets.
Azithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic commonly prescribed for:
• Respiratory tract infections (e.g., bronchitis, pneumonia, sinusitis)
• Ear infections (otitis media)
• Skin and soft tissue infections
• Throat infections, including tonsillitis and pharyngitis
• Certain sexually transmitted infections (as directed by a healthcare professional)

Dosage
Dosage should be determined by the prescribing practitioner based on the patient’s age, weight, infection type, and severity.
Typical dosing considerations include:
• Often administered once daily due to its long half-life
• In paediatric patients, dosing is usually calculated based on body weight (mg/kg)
• Treatment duration is typically short (e.g., 3–5 days) depending on the indication
• The suspension should be shaken well before use
• May be taken with or without food, although food may improve tolerability
Patients should complete the full course of treatment, even if symptoms improve early.

Mechanisms of Action
Azithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis.
Its mechanisms include:
Binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit
Azithromycin binds to bacterial ribosomes, interfering with protein production.
Inhibition of bacterial growth
This prevents bacteria from synthesising essential proteins, thereby inhibiting their growth and replication.
Bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects
Depending on concentration and organism, azithromycin may act as a bacteriostatic or bactericidal agent.

Contraindications
Azithromycin should not be used in patients with:
• Hypersensitivity to azithromycin, erythromycin, or other macrolide antibiotics
• Allergy to any component of the formulation

Precautions
Azithromycin should be used with caution in patients with:
• Liver impairment, as azithromycin is primarily metabolised in the liver
• Cardiac conditions, particularly those associated with QT interval prolongation
• Electrolyte imbalances (e.g., low potassium or magnesium levels)
Additional considerations include:
• Use cautiously in patients taking medications that may prolong the QT interval
• Monitor for signs of hepatic dysfunction, such as jaundice or abnormal liver function tests
• As with all antibiotics, inappropriate use may contribute to antimicrobial resistance
Patients should seek medical advice if they experience severe diarrhoea, allergic reactions, palpitations, or jaundice.

Storage
• Store below 25°C unless otherwise directed
• Keep the suspension in a tightly closed container
• Shake well before use
• Protect from excess heat, moisture, and direct light
• Some reconstituted suspensions may have a limited shelf life (e.g., 5–10 days)
• Keep out of reach of children and pets
Patients should follow the specific storage and expiry instructions provided on the dispensing label supplied by the pharmacy.